Analysis

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Abstract FactoryAdapterBridgeBuilderChain of ResponsibilityCommandCompositeDecoratorFacadeFactory MethodFlyweightInterpreterIteratorMediatorMementoObserverPrototypeProxySingletonStateStrategyTemplate MethodVisitor

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Analysis

Pattern comparison

Reviewing 3 patterns.

Criteria
behavioralMementoView pattern
behavioralObserverView pattern
behavioralVisitorView pattern
Basics
Categorybehavioralbehavioralbehavioral
Summary———
IntentCapture and externalize an object's state so it can be restored to a previous point in time.Define a subscription mechanism so multiple observers can react to subject events without the subject knowing concrete subscriber details.Separate an algorithm from the object structure it operates on by moving behavior into visitor objects.
Decision factors
ProblemAn object's internal state must be saved and restored later without exposing its implementation details.A system needs to notify multiple dependent objects when state changes occur, but hardcoding those dependencies makes the design rigid and tightly coupled.You need to perform operations across a set of different object types without stuffing all the logic into the objects themselves.
Tradeoffs
  • Snapshots can consume memory if many states are stored.
  • Care must be taken to keep mementos immutable and hidden from outside code.
  • Notification flows can become hard to trace when many observers react to the same event
  • Observers may receive updates they do not need unless subscriptions are carefully designed
  • Requires updating the visitor interface when new element types are added
  • Can be awkward if the object structure changes often
Practical fit
Languages
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
Platforms
  • Web
  • Backend
  • Mobile
  • UI kits
  • Cross-platform systems
  • Web
  • Backend
  • Event-driven systems
  • Web
  • Backend
  • Mobile
  • UI kits
  • Cross-platform systems
Integration notesMemento is useful for undo/redo, checkpoints, draft recovery, and any workflow where state history matters.Observers work well inside a single application boundary for UI events, domain events, and in-process notifications where subscribers change dynamically.Visitor is useful for AST processing, reporting, cart calculations, and exporting object structures to alternate formats.