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Abstract FactoryAdapterBridgeBuilderChain of ResponsibilityCommandCompositeDecoratorFacadeFactory MethodFlyweightInterpreterIteratorMediatorMementoObserverPrototypeProxySingletonStateStrategyTemplate MethodVisitor

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Analysis

Pattern comparison

Reviewing 3 patterns.

Criteria
structuralBridgeView pattern
structuralCompositeView pattern
structuralDecoratorView pattern
Basics
Categorystructuralstructuralstructural
SummarySeparate an abstraction from its implementation so the two can vary independently.Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies and let clients work with individual and composite objects through the same interface.Wrap an object with other objects that implement the same contract so responsibilities can be layered dynamically.
IntentDecouple abstractions from implementations so they can evolve independently.Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies and let clients work with individual and composite objects through the same interface.Wrap an object with other objects that implement the same contract so responsibilities can be layered dynamically.
Decision factors
ProblemWhen an abstraction is tightly coupled to its implementation, changing one side forces changes in the other and makes the system harder to evolve.A system needs to treat individual objects and groups of objects uniformly, but the hierarchy becomes difficult to manage with separate code paths.A system needs to add optional behaviors to an object without creating many subclasses for every feature combination.
Tradeoffs
  • Adds an extra layer of indirection.
  • Can increase the number of moving parts.
  • Makes abstractions and implementations easier to evolve independently.
  • Can make the design more abstract and harder to follow.
  • May require careful handling of operations that only apply to some nodes in the tree.
  • Makes recursive tree operations and client code much simpler.
  • Can introduce many small wrapper classes that are harder to trace in debugging.
  • Ordering of decorators matters, so composition needs to be deliberate.
  • Keeps responsibilities modular and easy to combine.
Practical fit
Languages
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
  • go
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
Platforms
  • web
  • backend
  • mobile
  • integration
  • ui
  • web
  • backend
  • mobile
  • ui kits
  • cross-platform systems
  • frontend
  • backend
  • services
Integration notesBridge is useful when you want one stable abstraction while swapping implementations for providers, environments, or device targets.Composite is useful when a hierarchy of nested objects should expose a common interface, such as files and folders, menus and submenus, org charts, widget trees, or scene graphs.Decorators work well for cross-cutting concerns such as logging, retry, caching, compression, and telemetry because each layer keeps the same interface while adding one concern.