Analysis

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Abstract FactoryAdapterBridgeBuilderChain of ResponsibilityCommandCompositeDecoratorFacadeFactory MethodFlyweightInterpreterIteratorMediatorMementoObserverPrototypeProxySingletonStateStrategyTemplate MethodVisitor

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Analysis

Pattern comparison

Reviewing 3 patterns.

Criteria
structuralAdapterView pattern
behavioralCommandView pattern
structuralDecoratorView pattern
Basics
Categorystructuralbehavioralstructural
SummaryConvert the interface of a class or module into another interface clients expect.Encapsulate a request as an object so it can be invoked, queued, logged, or undone independently of the receiver that performs the work.Wrap an object with other objects that implement the same contract so responsibilities can be layered dynamically.
IntentAllow incompatible interfaces to work together without changing the consuming code.Encapsulate a request as an object so it can be invoked, queued, logged, or undone independently of the receiver that performs the work.Wrap an object with other objects that implement the same contract so responsibilities can be layered dynamically.
Decision factors
ProblemA client needs to talk to a legacy class or external service whose interface does not match the rest of the codebase.A system needs to trigger actions without tightly coupling the code that requests an operation to the code that performs it, and it may also need queuing, history, or undo support.A system needs to add optional behaviors to an object without creating many subclasses for every feature combination.
Tradeoffs
  • Adds an extra layer of indirection.
  • Can hide useful vendor-specific capabilities if overused.
  • Keeps integration code isolated from core domain logic.
  • Introduces extra classes or objects for each action.
  • Can feel heavier than direct method calls when the workflow is simple.
  • Makes requests more flexible, loggable, and replayable.
  • Can introduce many small wrapper classes that are harder to trace in debugging.
  • Ordering of decorators matters, so composition needs to be deliberate.
  • Keeps responsibilities modular and easy to combine.
Practical fit
Languages
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • go
  • csharp
  • dotnet
  • react
  • angular
  • react-native
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
  • typescript
  • java
  • python
  • angular
  • react
  • react-native
  • csharp
  • dotnet
Platforms
  • applications
  • apis
  • service layers
  • integrations
  • frontend
  • backend
  • integration
  • frontend
  • backend
  • services
Integration notesAdapters are useful when exposing a stable boundary over a legacy API, vendor SDK, or payload format mismatch.Commands work well for UI actions, background jobs, workflow steps, and undoable operations because invokers can trigger commands without depending on receiver details.Decorators work well for cross-cutting concerns such as logging, retry, caching, compression, and telemetry because each layer keeps the same interface while adding one concern.